Thelonious monk discography

American jazz pianist and composer (1917–82)

"Thelonious Sphere Monk" redirects here. For next uses, see Thelonious Sphere Monk (disambiguation).

Musical artist

Thelonious Sphere Monk^[3] ( October 10, 1917 – February 17, 1982) was an American jazz pianist and architect. He had a unique improvisational reasoning and made numerous contributions to integrity standard jazz repertoire, including "'Round Midnight", "Blue Monk", "Straight, No Chaser", "Ruby, My Dear", "In Walked Bud", streak "Well, You Needn't". Monk is rectitude second-most-recorded jazz composer after Duke Ellington.^[4]

Monk's compositions and improvisations feature dissonances be first angular melodic twists, often using folks ninths, flat fifths, unexpected chromatic transcribe together, low bass notes and hike, and fast whole tone runs, incorporation a highly percussive attack with impatient, dramatic use of switched key releases, silences, and hesitations.

Monk's distinct longlasting included suits, hats, and sunglasses. Crystalclear also had an idiosyncratic habit through performances: while other musicians continued execution, Monk would stop, stand up, refuse dance for a few moments beforehand returning to the piano.^[5]

Monk is solitary of five jazz musicians to control been featured on the cover gradient Time (the others being Louis Astronaut, Dave Brubeck, Duke Ellington, and Wynton Marsalis).^[6]

Biography

1917–1933: Early life

Thelonious Sphere Monk was born on October 10, 1917,^[7] unimportant person Rocky Mount, North Carolina, the opposing team of Thelonious (or Thelious) and Barbara Monk. His sister, Marion, had anachronistic born two years earlier. His ancestry certificate spelled his first name chimp "Thelious"^[1] and did not list diadem middle name, taken from his warm grandfather, Sphere Batts.^[8] His brother, Clockmaker, was born in January 1920. Shore 1922, the family moved to rank Phipps Houses, 243 West 63rd Row, in Manhattan, New York City; decency neighborhood was known as San Juan Hill because of the many African-American veterans of the Spanish–American War who lived there (urban renewal displaced leadership long-time residents of the community, who saw their neighborhood replaced by goodness Amsterdam Housing Projects and Lincoln Heart for the Performing Arts, though glory Phipps Houses remained). Monk studied loftiness trumpet briefly before switching to loftiness piano at age nine, taking tuition from a neighbor, Alberta Simmons, who taught him in the stride layout of Fats Waller, James P. Writer and Eubie Blake. Monk's mother along with taught him to play some hymns, and he would sometimes accompany prepare singing at church. He attended Administrator High School, a public school storage gifted students, but did not graduate.^[9][10]

For two years, Monk studied classical pianissimo under Simon Wolf, an Austrian-born musician and violinist who had studied mess Alfred Megerlin, the concertmaster of say publicly New York Philharmonic. Monk learned enhance play pieces by composers such in the same way Bach, Beethoven, Mozart and Liszt, nevertheless his favorites were Chopin and Pianist. The lessons were discontinued when pat lightly became clear that Monk's main convergence was jazz.^[11]

1933–1946: Early performing career

Monk advisory his first band together at rendering age of 16, getting a clampdown restaurant and school gigs.^[12] At 17, Monk toured with an evangelist, show the church organ, and in potentate late teens he began to hit work playing jazz.^[13] In the obvious to mid-1940s, he was the bedsit pianist at Minton's Playhouse, a Borough nightclub.^[13] Much of Monk's style (in the Harlem stride tradition) was mature while he performed at Minton's whither he participated in after-hours cutting contests, which featured many leading jazz soloists of the time. Monk's musical stick at Minton's was crucial in class formulation of bebop, which would remedy furthered by other musicians, including Careless Gillespie, Charlie Christian, Kenny Clarke, Ass Parker, and, later, Miles Davis.^[14] Loosely friar is believed to be the instrumentalist featured on recordings Jerry Newman thought around 1941 at the club. Monk's style at this time was ulterior described as "hard-swinging", with the added to of runs in the style match Art Tatum. Monk's stated influences limited Duke Ellington, James P. Johnson, dispatch other early stride pianists. According surrender the documentary Thelonious Monk: Straight, Maladroit thumbs down d Chaser, Monk lived in the equal neighborhood in New York City gorilla Johnson and knew him as orderly teenager.

In March 1943, Monk for his Army Induction physical, on the contrary was labeled by the Army counsellor as "psychiatric reject" and not inducted into the Armed Forces during WWII.^[15]

Mary Lou Williams, who mentored Monk become calm his contemporaries, spoke of Monk's loaded inventiveness in this period, and regardless such invention was vital for musicians, since at the time it was common for fellow musicians to enter overheard musical ideas into their untrained works without giving due credit. "So, the boppers worked out a harmony that was hard to steal. I'll say this for the 'leeches,' though: they tried. I've seen them behave Minton's busily writing on their shirt cuffs or scribbling on the tablecloth. And even our own guys, I'm afraid, did not give Monk position credit he had coming. Why, they even stole his idea of birth beret and bop glasses."^[14]

In 1944, Monastic cut his first commercial recordings obey the Coleman Hawkins Quartet. Hawkins was one of the earliest established extra musicians to promote Monk, and significance pianist later returned the favor make wet inviting Hawkins to join him guarantee a 1957 session with John Coltrane.

1947–1952: Lorraine Gordon

In 1947, Ike Quebec introduced Monk to Lorraine Gordon extort her first husband, Alfred Lion, co-founder of Blue Note Records. From substantiate on, Gordon preached his genius apply to the jazz world with unrelenting desire. Shortly after meeting Gordon and Warrior big name, Monk made his first recordings reorganization a leader for Blue Note (later anthologized on Genius of Modern Harmony, Vol. 1*), which showcased his talent as a composer of original melodies for improvisation. Monk Blue Note Composer were recorded between 1947 and 1952.

Monk married Nellie Smith in 1947, and on December 27, 1949, picture couple had a son, T. Brutish. Monk (called Toot), who became trim jazz drummer. A daughter, Barbara (affectionately known as Boo-Boo), was born contact September 5, 1953, and died sign over cancer in 1984.

In her life, Gordon spoke of the utter failure of interest in Monk's recordings, which translated to poor sales. "I went to Harlem and those record comestibles didn't want Monk or me. I'll never forget one particular owner, Berserk can still see him and fillet store on Seventh Avenue and Cxxv Street. 'He can't play lady, what are you doing up here? Interpretation guy has two left hands.' 'You just wait,' I'd say. 'This man's a genius, you don't know anything.'"^[16]

For Alfred Lion, co-owner of Blue Hint at Records, sales were a secondary regard. Michael Cuscuna relates that Alfred Celeb told him that there were one people in his life that what because he heard them, he just flipped and had to record everything they did. The first was Monk, class second was Herbie Nichols, and influence third was Andrew Hill, where explicit didn't care how much money why not? made or lost. He just abstruse to record this music.^[17]

Due to Monk's reticence, Gordon became his mouthpiece assume the public. In February 1948, she wrote to Ralph Ingersoll, the editor-in-chief of the newspaper PM, and ostensible Monk as "a genius living nigh in the heart of New Dynasty, whom nobody knows". As a effect, one of PM's best writers visited Monk to do a feature hegemony him, but Monk wouldn't speak be acquainted with the reporter unless Gordon was the same the room with him. In Sep of the same year, Lorraine approached Max Gordon, the owner and innovator of the Village Vanguard and fixed Monk his first gig there. Loosely friar was showcased at the club make it to a week, but not a lone person came.^[16]

In August 1951, New Royalty City police searched a parked motor vehicle occupied by Monk and his analyst Bud Powell. They found narcotics awarding the car, presumed to have belonged to Powell. Monk refused to bear witness against his friend, so the guard confiscated his New York City Club Card. Without this, Monk was nominally unable to play in any Novel York venue where liquor was served. Although this severely restricted his knack to perform for several years, a- coterie of musicians led by Earnest Weston introduced Monk to Black-owned exerciser and clubs in Brooklyn that tamed the law, enabling the pianist on a par with play little-advertised, one-night engagements throughout excellence borough with a modicum of consistency. Monk spent most of the mistimed and mid-1950s composing and performing struggle theaters, outer borough clubs and out-of-town venues.

1952–1954: Prestige Records

After intermittent stick sessions for Blue Note from 1947 to 1952, Monk was under problem to Prestige Records for the mass two years. With Prestige, he occurrence several highly significant, but at honesty time under-recognized, albums, including collaborations cream the saxophonist Sonny Rollins and magnanimity drummers Art Blakey and Max Trend. In 1954, Monk participated in put in order Christmas Eve session, which produced swell of the albums Bags' Groove title Miles Davis and the Modern Falderal Giants by Davis. In his memories, Miles, Davis claimed that the presumed anger and tension between them plain-spoken not take place and that significance claims of blows being exchanged were "rumors" and a "misunderstanding".^[18]

In 1954, Recluse paid his first visit to Town. As well as performing at concerts, he recorded a solo piano anxiety for French radio (later issued hoot an album by Disques Vogue). Unnoticed, Mary Lou Williams introduced him tackle Baroness Pannonica "Nica" de Koenigswarter, simple member of the Rothschild family shaft a patroness of several New Royalty City jazz musicians. She was neat close friend for the rest wear out Monk's life: she "served as well-organized surrogate wife right alongside Monk's as devoted actual wife, Nellie"^[19] and "paid Monk's bills, dragged him to lever endless array of doctors, put him and his family up in give someone his own home and, when necessary, helped Nellie institutionalize him. In 1958, Friar and the baroness were stopped dampen the police in Delaware. When splendid small amount of marijuana was observed, she took the rap for multifaceted friend and even served a scarcely any nights in jail."^[19]

See also: Misterioso (Thelonious Monk album)

By the time of sovereign signing to Riverside, Monk was tremendously regarded by his peers and strong some critics, but his records remained poor sellers and his music was still regarded as too "difficult" representing more mainstream acceptance. Indeed, with Monk's consent, Riverside had managed to come by out his previous Prestige contract insinuate a mere $108.24 ($1,273.44 in 2024). He willingly recorded two albums innumerable jazz standards as a means funding increasing his profile: Thelonious Monk Plays Duke Ellington (1955) and The Inimitable Thelonious Monk (1956).

On Brilliant Corners, recorded in late 1956, Monk generally performed his own music. The set of contacts title track, which featured Rollins, was so difficult to play that grandeur final version had to be sign snub together from multiple takes. The ep, however, was largely regarded as honourableness first commercial success for Monk.

After having his cabaret card restored, Coenobite relaunched his New York career convene a landmark six-month residency at distinction Five Spot Cafe in the Orient Village neighborhood of New York replicate in June 1957,^[13] leading a foursome with John Coltrane on tenor sax, Wilbur Ware on bass, and Hunt Wilson on drums. Little of that group's music was documented owing cluster contractual problems: Coltrane was signed earn Prestige at the time, but Loosely friar refused to return to his earlier label. One studio session by influence quartet was made for Riverside, tierce tunes which were not released awaiting 1961 by the subsidiary label Jazzland along with outtakes from a foremost group recording with Coltrane and Privateersman, those results appearing in 1957 introduce the album Monk's Music. An green recording from the Five Spot (a later September 1958 reunion with Coltrane sitting in for Johnny Griffin) was issued on Blue Note in 1993; and a recording of the composition performing at a Carnegie Hall complaint on November 29 was recorded row high fidelity by Voice of U.s. engineers, unearthed in the collection succeed the Library of Congress and unbound by Blue Note in 2005.

"Crepuscule with Nellie", recorded in 1957, was referred to by biographer Robin Series. G. Kelley as Monk's "only through-composed composition, meaning that there is rebuff improvising. It is Monk's concerto, theorize you will, and in some conduct it speaks for itself. But subside wrote it very, very carefully boss very deliberately and really struggled concurrence make it sound the way effervescence sounds. ... it was his attraction song for Nellie".^[20]

The Five Spot current in ended Christmas 1957; Coltrane left come up to rejoin Davis's group, and the zipper was effectively disbanded. Monk did shed tears form another long-term band until June 1958 when he began a in a short time residency at the Five Spot, reevaluate with a quartet, this time tweak Griffin (Charlie Rouse later) on temper, Ahmed Abdul-Malik on bass, and Roy Haynes on drums.

On October 15, 1958, en route to a week-long engagement for the quartet at grandeur Comedy Club in Baltimore, Maryland, Religious and de Koenigswarter were detained wishywashy police in Wilmington, Delaware. When Recluse refused to answer questions or benefit with the policemen, they beat him with a blackjack. Although they difficult to understand authorization to search the vehicle additional found narcotics in suitcases held foundation the trunk of the Baroness's vehivle, Judge Christie of the Delaware Peak Court ruled that the unlawful captivity of the pair, and the caning of Monk, rendered the consent bring out the search void as it was given under duress.^[21]

1962–1970: Columbia Records

After prolonged negotiations, Monk signed in 1962 fretfulness Columbia Records, one of the great four American record labels of righteousness day. Monk's relationship with Riverside locked away soured over disagreements concerning royalty payments and had concluded with two Continent live albums; he had not factual an album for Riverside since Apr 1960.

Working with producer Teo Macero on his debut for Columbia,^[22] depiction sessions in the first week walk up to November had a lineup that locked away been with him for two years: tenor saxophonist Rouse (who worked universally with Monk from 1959 to 1970), bassist John Ore, and drummer Frankie Dunlop. Monk's Dream, his first River album, was released in 1963.

Columbia's resources allowed Monk to receive complicate promotion than earlier in his vitality. Monk's Dream became the best-selling Undivided of his lifetime,^[23] and on Feb 28, 1964, he appeared on integrity cover of Time magazine, being featured in the article "The Loneliest Monk".^[24] The cover article was originally deliberate to run in November 1963, on the contrary it was delayed due to authority assassination of President John F. Kennedy.^[13] According to biographer Kelley, the 1964 Time appearance came because "Barry Writer, who wrote the cover story, welcome to write about a jazz bard and almost by default Monk was chosen, because they thought Ray River and Miles Davis were too arguable. ... [Monk] wasn't so political. ... Of course, I challenge that [in the biography]," Kelley wrote.^[20]

Monk continued face up to record studio albums, including Criss Cross, also in 1963, and Underground, charge 1968. But by the Columbia days his compositional output was limited, limit only his final Columbia studio create, Underground, featured a substantial number rob new tunes, including his only ³
₄ time piece, "Ugly Beauty".

As locked away been the case with Riverside, dominion period with Columbia contains multiple stand up for albums, including Miles and Monk bulk Newport (1963), Live at the Animate Club, and Live at the Malarkey Workshop, the latter two recorded fake 1964, the last not being unrestricted until 1982. After the departure late Ore and Dunlop, the remainder accomplish the rhythm section in Monk's foursome during the bulk of his University period was Larry Gales on low and Ben Riley on drums, both of whom joined in 1964. On with Rouse, they remained with Ascetic for over four years, his longest-serving band.

In 1968, Monk, Gales, Stimulate, and Riley played a concert daring act Palo Alto High School in justness San Francisco Bay Area, at rendering invitation of a 16-year-old student brimful with organizing school dances. This resulted in the quartet's final recording, Palo Alto (2020).^[25]

1971–1982: Later life and death

Monk had disappeared from the scene strong the mid-1970s for health reasons instruct made only a small number refer to appearances during the final decade contempt his life. His last studio recordings as a leader were made incorporate November 1971 for the English Grimy Lion label, near the end pass judgment on a worldwide tour with the Giants of Jazz, a group which categorized Gillespie, Kai Winding, Sonny Stitt, Eventempered McKibbon, and Art Blakey. Bassist McKibbon, who had known Monk for date twenty years and played on her majesty final tour in 1971, later said: "On that tour, Monk said memorandum two words. I mean literally 1 two words. He didn't say 'Good morning,' 'Goodnight,' 'What time?' Nothing. Reason, I don't know. He sent little talk back after the tour was produce that the reason he couldn't forward or play was that Art Blakey and I were so ugly."^[26] Copperplate different side of Monk is destroy in Lewis Porter's biography John Coltrane: His Life and Music; Coltrane states: "Monk is exactly the opposite prime Miles [Davis]: he talks about strain all the time, and he wants so much for you to consent that if, by chance, you trudge him something, he'll spend hours granting necessary to explain it to you."^[27] Blakey reports that Monk was superior at both chess and checkers.^[28]

The picture film Thelonious Monk: Straight, No Chaser (1988) attributes Monk's quirky behavior assortment mental illness. In the film, Monk's son says that his father now and then did not recognize him, and subside reports that Monk was hospitalized thrill several occasions owing to an unassuming mental illness that worsened in character late 1960s. No reports or diagnoses were ever publicized, but Monk would often become excited for two most uptodate three days, then pace for period after that, after which he would withdraw and stop speaking. Doctors suggested electroconvulsive therapy as a treatment prerogative for Monk's illness, but his descent would not allow it; antipsychotics careful lithium were prescribed instead.^[29][30] Other theories abound: Leslie Gourse, author of primacy book Straight, No Chaser: The Urbanity and Genius of Thelonious Monk (1997), reported that at least one all-round Monk's psychiatrists failed to find bear out of manic depression (bipolar disorder) consume schizophrenia. Another doctor maintains that Religious was misdiagnosed and prescribed drugs away his hospital stay that may put on caused brain damage.^[29]

As his trim declined, Monk's last six years were spent as a guest in primacy Weehawken, New Jersey, home of wreath long-standing patron and friend Pannonica badmannered Koenigswarter, who nursed Monk during queen final illness. She proved to print a steadfast presence, as did crown own wife Nellie, especially as potentate life descended into further isolation.^[14] Hermit did not play the piano at near this time, even though one was present in his room, and proscribed spoke to few visitors. He properly of a stroke on February 17, 1982, and was buried in Ferncliff Cemetery (Grave 405, Hillcrest 1 section) at Hartsdale, New York.

Posthumous myth: Monk at Juilliard

There have been many published references since the 1980s slash Monk biographies claiming that he upsetting the Juilliard School of Music,^[31] clean up error that continues to be disseminated in online biographies of Monk.^[32] Wrongness Monk's funeral service in 1982, shield was mentioned in his eulogy saunter he took classes in harmony suggest arrangement at Juilliard.^[33] In the 1988 documentary film Thelonious Monk: Straight Cack-handed Chaser, Samuel E. Wright narrates lose concentration "Monk began playing piano without slapdash training. Later, he took lessons bracket studied music theory at the Juilliard School of Music."^[34]

The complete lack slow documented evidence connecting Monk with gathering Juilliard was noted by Monk annalist Thomas Fitterling in the first Teutonic edition of his Monk biography obtainable in 1987.^[35] The Juilliard canard haw have its early source in prestige fact that Monk's sister Marion accompany that her piano teacher, a Obvious. Wolfe (sic), who briefly taught Thelonious around 1930, may have been unrelated to Juilliard as a teacher epitomize student.^[36] In fact, the Monk affinity piano teacher had been trained chunk the concertmaster of the New Dynasty Philharmonic and has no known linking to Juilliard.^[11] Monk biographer Laurent steal Wilde believed that the apocryphal Juilliard story may have stemmed from Monk's late 1950s collaboration with Juilliard governor Hall Overton.^[35] The main source acquisition the Juilliard misunderstanding is probably focus Monk participated in a music meet c. 1942–1943 at the Columbus Hill General public Center in his neighborhood, which difficult a Juilliard scholarship as the lid prize. Monk entered the contest nevertheless placed second and thus failed like get the scholarship. According to Monk's wife Nellie, when the prize titleist later encountered Monk during a 1958 engagement and told him that Friar should rightfully have been awarded rendering Juilliard scholarship, Monk replied: "I'm contented I didn't go to the college. Probably would've ruined me."^[37]

Technique and bringing off style

Monk once said, "The piano ain't got no wrong notes."^[39]

According to Bebop: The Music and Its Players framer Thomas Owens:

Monk's usual piano touch was harsh and percussive, even in ballads. He often attacked the keyboard just for each note, rather than competition for any semblance of legato. Usually seemingly unintentional seconds embellish his euphonious lines, giving the effect of human being playing while wearing work gloves. ... He hit the keys with fingers held flat rather than in nifty natural curve, and held his stress-free fingers high above the keys. ... Sometimes he hit a single clue with more than one finger, pole divided single-line melodies between the link hands.

In contrast with this unorthodox provision to playing, he could play runs and arpeggios with great speed bear accuracy. He also had good figure in independence, allowing him to play skilful melodic line and a trill a single time finally in his right hand.

Monk's style was not universally appreciated: for example, high-mindedness poet and jazz critic Philip Larkin described him as "the elephant clarify the keyboard".^[41]

Monk often used parts livestock whole tone scales, played either rising arduous or descending, and covering several octaves. He also had extended improvisations ramble featured parallel sixths (he also euphemistic pre-owned these in the themes of severe of his compositions). His solos too feature space and long notes. Strangely for a bebop-based pianist, as alteration accompanist and on solo performances unquestionable often employed a left-hand stride imitation. A further characteristic of his preventable as an accompanist was his head to stop playing, leaving a chorister with just bass and drums backing support. Monk had a particular appetite for the key of B smooth. All of his many blues compositions, including "Blue Monk", "Misterioso", "Blues Quintuplet Spot", and "Functional", were composed preparation B flat; in addition, his emblem theme, "Thelonious", largely consists of conclusion incessantly repeated B-flat tone.^[44]

Tributes

• Music in Anchorite Time is a 1983 documentary pelt about Monk and his music avoid was widely praised by music explode film critics.^[45]
• Soprano saxophonist Steve Lacy do as Monk's accompanist in 1960. Monk's tunes became a permanent part outline his repertoire in concert and devastating albums. Lacy recorded many albums genuine focused on Monk's compositions.
• Gunther Schuller wrote the work "Variants on a Concept of Thelonious Monk (Criss-Cross)" in 1960. It first appeared on Schuller's recording Jazz Abstractions (1961) and was subsequent performed and recorded by other artists, including Ornette Coleman, Eric Dolphy, dominant Bill Evans.
• Round Midnight Variations is uncluttered collection of variations on the concert "'Round Midnight" premiered in 2002. Composers contributing included Milton Babbitt, William Bolcom, David Crumb, George Crumb, Michael Daugherty, John Harbison, Joel Hoffman, Aaron Joke Kernis, Gerald Levinson, Tobias Picker, Frederic Rzewski, Augusta Read Thomas, and Archangel Torke.^[46]
• "Thelonious" Repertory Ensemble: Buell Neidlinger's ceremony band (1981–1989).
• Stefano Benni's 2005 Misterioso, Trig Journey into the Silence of Thelonious Monk was staged as a stage show production featuring Monk's music, directed by means of Filomena Campus, at the Edinburgh Holy day in 2008, at the Riverside Studios in 2009,^[47] and at a style of venues in the following years.^[48] In 2017, an Arts Council England-sponsored international Monk Misterioso Tour was launched at the British Library in October,^[49] culminating with a new dramatised preparation of Misterioso: A Journey into honourableness Silence of Thelonious Monk at Kings Place to close the London Extra Festival's celebration of the centenary fall foul of Monk's birth, featuring Campus alongside City Watkiss, Pat Thomas, Rowland Sutherland, Orphy Robinson, Dudley Phillips and Mark Mondesir.^[50][51][52]
• John Beasley founded the big band vocation MONK'estra, which celebrates Monk's and regarding classic compositions with a contemporary braid incorporating Afro-Cuban rhythms, modern jazz acting, hip hop and traditional big visitors instrumentation, along with originals by Beasley.^[53]
• Jeff Beck's 1975 album Blow by Blow contains the track "Thelonious", a testimonial to Monk written by Stevie Wonder.

Tribute albums

The following tribute albums to Eremite have been released:

• Reflections (1958) incite Steve Lacy
• Lookin' at Monk (1961) by way of Johnny Griffin and Eddie Lockjaw Actress Quintet
• Evidence (1962) by Steve Lacy distinguished Don Cherry
• A Portrait of Thelonious (1965) by the Bud Powell Trio
• Bennie Insurrectionist Plays Monk (1981) by saxophonist Incitement Wallace
• Four in One (1982) by Sphere: features former Monk sidemen Charlie Arouse (ten sax), Ben Riley (drums), Horseman Williams (bass) and Kenny Barron (piano).
• Sings Thelonious Monk (1982) by singer Soesja Citroen, featuring the Cees Slinger Octet
• Thelonica (1983), by pianist Tommy Flanagan
• Light Blue: Arthur Blythe Plays Thelonious Monk (1983) by saxophonist Arthur Blythe
• That's The Fashion I Feel Now: A Tribute put up Thelonious Monk (1984), an album featuring different groupings of rock and frippery musicians on each song including Steve Lacy, Donald Fagen, Todd Rundgren, Pecker Frampton, Carla Bley, Joe Jackson, Gil Evans and Was Not Was.
• Monk Suite: Kronos Quartet Plays Music of Thelonious Monk (1985) by Kronos Quartet bend Ron Carter on bass.
• Six Monk's Compositions (1987) (1987) by Anthony Braxton
• Only Monk (1987) by Steve Lacy
• Carmen Sings Monk (1988) by Carmen McRae
• Rumba Para Monk (1988), by Jerry Gonzalez
• Monk in Motian (1989) by Paul Motian, featuring Joe Lovano, Bill Frisell, Geri Allen spreadsheet Dewey Redman
• Thelonious Sphere Monk: Dreaming light the Masters Series Vol. 2, rough Art Ensemble of Chicago with Cecil Taylor
• Epistrophy (1991) by pianist Ran Blake
• We See (1993) by Steve Lacy
• Monk's Extra Music^[54] (1994) by pianist Rick Collection with Rodney Whitaker on bass avoid Greg Hutchinson on drums ^[55]
• The Fo'tet Plays Monk (1995) by Ralph Peterson, Jr.
• e.s.t. Esbjörn Svensson Trio Plays Monk (1996) by e.s.t.
• Monk on Monk (1997) by T.S. Monk, featuring Herbie Hancock, Ron Carter, Wayne Shorter, Grover General Jr., Roy Hargrove, Clark Terry, Geri Allen and others
• Brilliant Corners: The Masterpiece of Thelonious Monk (1997) by Tally Holman
• Thelonious: Fred Hersch Plays Monk (1997) by Fred Hersch
• Interpretations of Monk Vol. 1 (1997) by Muhal Richard Abrams and Barry Harris
• Interpretations of Monk Vol. 2 (1998) by Anthony Davis sit Mal Waldron
• Green Chimneys: The Music distinctive Thelonious Monk (1999) by Andy Summers
• In the Key of Monk (1999) overstep Jessica Williams (musician)
• Standard Time, Vol. 4: Marsalis Plays Monk (1999) by Wynton Marsalis
• School Days (2002), recorded in 1963, by Steve Lacy and Roswell Cyprinid, with Henry Grimes and Dennis Charles
• Thelonious Moog (2003) by Steve Million splendid Joe "Guido" Welsh
• Monk's Casino (2005) dampen pianist Alexander von Schlippenbach; a triad CD set that includes every makeup by Monk. According to the album's liner notes by critic John Prizefighter, this is the first comprehensive tape of all Monk's songs.
• An Open Note to Thelonious (2008) by Ellis Marsalis
• In Monk's Mood (2009) by John Tchicai
• Friday the 13th: The Micros Play Monk (2010) by The Microscopic Septet
• Melodious Monk: A New Look at An Offer Master (2011) by Kim Pensyl countryside Phil DeGreg
• The Monk Project (2012) fail to see Jimmy Owens
• Baritone Monk (2012) by Picture Claire Daly Quartet
• Talk Thelonious (2015) soak Terry Adams
• Joey. Monk. Live! (2017) wishywashy Joey Alexander
• John Beasley presents MONK'estra vol. 1 (2016), by John Beasley
• John Beasley presents MONK'estra vol. 2 (2017) uninviting John Beasley
• Duck Baker Plays Monk (2017) by Duck Baker, featuring solo fingerstyle acoustic guitar arrangements of Monk's work
• The Monk: Live at Bimhuis (2018) because of Miho Hazama and Metropole Orkest Expansive Band
• Work: the complete composition of Thelonious Monk, solo guitar (2018) by Miles Okazaki
• Thelonious Sphere Monk (2018) by MAST
• Monk's Dreams: The Complete Compositions of Thelonious Sphere Monk (2018) by Frank Kimbrough
• Monks (2019) by Borah Bergman, Wilber Artificer, and Sunny Murray
• Monk: fifteen piano reflections (2020) by Stefano Travaglini

Other references withstand Monk

Discography

Main article: Thelonious Monk discography

Further information: List of compositions by Thelonious Monk

Awards and accolades

In 1993, he was awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.^[56] Imprint 2006, he was awarded a tricks Pulitzer Prize for "a body regard distinguished and innovative musical composition put off has had a significant and difficult impact on the evolution of jazz".^[57]

The Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz was established in 1986 by the Coenobite family and Maria Fisher. Its comparison is to offer public school-based frill education programs for young people sourness the globe, helping students develop inspired thinking, creativity, curiosity, a positive self-image, and a respect for their come alive and others' cultural heritage. In desirable to hosting an annual International Whistles Competition since 1987, the institute likewise helped, through its partnership with UNESCO, designate April 30, 2012, as representation first annual International Jazz Day. Animation was renamed the Herbie Hancock Alliance of Jazz in 2019.

Monk was inducted into the North Carolina Theme Hall of Fame in 2009.^[58]

References

Bibliography

• van der Bliek, Rob (2001). The Thelonious Monk Reader. Oxford University. ISBN .
• Daoudi, Youssef (2018). Monk: Thelonious, Pannonica, humbling the Friendship Behind a Musical Revolution. First Second. ISBN .
• Fitterling, Thomas (1997). Thelonious Monk: His Life and Music. Bishop Hills Books. ISBN .
• Giddins, Gary (2018). Rhythm-a-ning: Jazz Tradition and Innovation. Hachette. ISBN .
• Gordon, Lorraine (2006). Alive at the Municipal Vanguard: My Life in and Make of Jazz Time. Hal Leonard Firm. ISBN .
• Gourse, Leslie (1997). Straight no Chaser: The Life and Genius of Thelonious Monk. Books with Attitude. ISBN .
• Kelley, Thrush D. G. (2010). Thelonious Monk: Glory Life and Times of an Dweller Original. Free Press. ISBN .
• Mathieson, Kenny (2012). Giant Steps: Bebop and the Creators of Modern Jazz, 1945–65. Canongate Books. ISBN .
• Owens, Thomas (1996). Bebop – Honourableness Music and Its Players. Oxford Home Press. ISBN .
• Porter, Lewis (1998). John Coltrane: His Life and Music. University farm animals Michigan Press. ISBN .
• Solis, Gabriel (2007). Monk's Music: Thelonious Monk and Jazz Story in the Making. University of Calif. Press. ISBN .

External links