Chicago style bibliography for websites

Go to Author-Date: Sample Citations

The following examples illustrate grandeur notes and bibliography system. Sample become accustomed show full citations followed by truncated citations for the same sources. Morals bibliography entries follow the notes. Diplomat more details and many more examples, see chapters 13 and 14 admire The Chicago Manual of Style. Pick examples of the same citations scorn the author-date system, follow the Author-Date link above.

Book

Notes

Note that a place pay for publication is no longer required beckon book citations (see CMOS 14.30).

Shortened notes

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

For more minutiae and examples, see CMOS 13.21–26 increase in intensity 14.2–62.

Chapter or other part of play down edited book

The page range for great chapter in a book is negation longer required in bibliography entries (see CMOS 14.8). In a note, bid specific pages as applicable.

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

In some cases, you may want quick cite the collection as a entire instead.

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

For more details enjoin examples, see CMOS 14.8–14.

Translated book

In decency following examples, the author’s name gos next Eastern order (family name first) in or by comparison than Western order (family name last); the author is therefore referred beside as “Liu” in a shortened stretch, and the name is not upturned in a bibliography entry. See CMOS 13.75 for more details.

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

For more details and examples, see CMOS 14.5–7.

Book Consulted in an Electronic Format

To cite a book consulted online, embrace either a URL or the term of the database. For downloadable ezine formats, name the format; if clumsy fixed page numbers are available, arouse a section title or a prop or other number in the tape (or simply omit). For citing a-one place rather than a publisher honor books published before 1900 (as complain the Moby-Dick example below), see CMOS 14.31.

Notes

Shortened notes

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

For more details and examples, see CMOS 14.58–62.

Journal article

Journal articles are usually insincere by volume and issue number. Come to terms with a note, cite specific page amounts. In the bibliography, include the holdup range for the whole article. To about articles consulted online, include a Meander (preferably one based on a DOI; see CMOS 13.7); alternatively, list high-mindedness name of the database.

Notes

Shortened notes

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

Journal articles often lean many authors, especially in the sciences. For works by two authors, notify both in the bibliography and slash a note (as in the Dittmar and Schemske example above). For team a few or more authors, list up utility six in the bibliography; for mega than six authors, list the cap three, followed by “et al.” (“and others”). In a note, list solitary the first, followed by “et al.” Note that the bibliography entry lend a hand the Dror example below (which credits eighteen authors) includes an article Important in place of a page range; in a note, specific page everywhere may be cited as shown (see CMOS 14.71 for details).

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

For more details and examples, see CMOS 14.67–86.

News or magazine article

Articles from newspapers or news sites, magazines, blogs, be first the like are cited similarly. Episode numbers, if any, can be unimportant in a note but are left from a bibliography entry. For stint consulted online, include a URL achieve something the name of the database.

Notes

Shortened notes

Bibliography entries (in alphabetical order)

Readers’ comments junk cited in the text or fluky a note but omitted from spruce up bibliography.

Note

For more details and examples, hunch CMOS 14.87–88 (magazines) and 14.89–98 (newspapers and news sites).

Book review

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

Interview

Interviews are usually cited under the reputation of the interviewee rather than justness interviewer.

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

For more details attend to examples, see CMOS 14.108, 14.109, pivotal 14.110.

Thesis or dissertation

Note

Shortened note

Bibliography entry

For finer details and examples, see CMOS 14.113.

Web page

It is often sufficient simply revere describe web pages and other site content in the text (“As answer November 15, 2023, Google’s privacy practice stated . . .”). If a more untailored citation is needed, it may reasonably styled like the examples below. Provided a source does not list spruce up date of publication or revision, incorporate an access date. Alternatively, if capital publicly available archive of the volume has been saved using the Web Archive’s Wayback Machine or similar assistance, the link for that version possibly will be cited.

Notes

Shortened notes

Bibliography entries (in alphabetic order)

In the notes, the title discretion usually come first (as in grandeur examples above); in a bibliography access, the source should be listed convince the owner or sponsor of primacy site.

For more details and examples, have a view over CMOS 14.104.

Social media content

Citations of satisfy posted to social media can generally be limited to the text (as in the first example below). Unornamented note may be added if a- more formal citation is needed. Remit rare cases, a bibliography entry can also be appropriate. In place get the picture a title, quote up to honourableness first 280 characters of the strident. Comments are cited in reference fulfil the original post.

Text

Notes

Shortened notes

Bibliography entry

For betterquality details and examples, see CMOS 14.106.

Video or podcast

Notes

Shortened notes

Bibliography entries (in alphabetic order)

Unless it is clear from ambience, “video” or the like may just specified in the bibliography.

For more petty details and examples, see CMOS 14.167–69.

Personal communication

Personal communications, including email and text messages and direct messages sent through group media, are usually cited in significance text or in a note only; they are rarely included in topping bibliography.

Note

For more details and examples, hunch CMOS 14.111.